git-查看提交历史

git log:浏览提交历史
$ git log

commit ca82a6dff817ec66f44342007202690a93763949
Author: Scott Chacon [email protected]
Date: Mon Mar 17 21:52:11 2008 -0700
changed the version number
commit 085bb3bcb608e1e8451d4b2432f8ecbe6306e7e7
Author: Scott Chacon [email protected]
Date: Sat Mar 15 16:40:33 2008 -0700
removed unnecessary test
commit a11bef06a3f659402fe7563abf99ad00de2209e6
Author: Scott Chacon [email protected]
Date: Sat Mar 15 10:31:28 2008 -0700
first commit

提交越新越靠上，并且有40位hash码。

git log -p 2 查看最新两个提交历史

$ git log -p -2
commit ca82a6dff817ec66f44342007202690a93763949
Author: Scott Chacon <[email protected]>
Date:   Mon Mar 17 21:52:11 2008 -0700

    changed the version number

diff --git a/Rakefile b/Rakefile
index a874b73..8f94139 100644
--- a/Rakefile
+++ b/Rakefile
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ require 'rake/gempackagetask'
 spec = Gem::Specification.new do |s|
     s.platform  =   Gem::Platform::RUBY
     s.name      =   "simplegit"
-    s.version   =   "0.1.0"
+    s.version   =   "0.1.1"
     s.author    =   "Scott Chacon"
     s.email     =   "[email protected]"
     s.summary   =   "A simple gem for using Git in Ruby code."

commit 085bb3bcb608e1e8451d4b2432f8ecbe6306e7e7
Author: Scott Chacon <[email protected]>
Date:   Sat Mar 15 16:40:33 2008 -0700

    removed unnecessary test

diff --git a/lib/simplegit.rb b/lib/simplegit.rb
index a0a60ae..47c6340 100644
--- a/lib/simplegit.rb
+++ b/lib/simplegit.rb
@@ -18,8 +18,3 @@ class SimpleGit
     end

 end
-
-if $0 == __FILE__
-  git = SimpleGit.new
-  puts git.show
-end

git log -stat命令
查看历史提交的缩略统计版本输出

git log --pretty=oneline 格式化输出内容

git log --pretty=format:"%h - %an, %ar : %s"

git log –-pretty=format: 下的一些有用的参数
Table 1. Useful options for git log --pretty=format
Option Description of Output
%H Commit hash
%h Abbreviated commit hash
%T Tree hash
%t Abbreviated tree hash
%P Parent hashes
%p Abbreviated parent hashes
%an Author name
%ae Author email
%ad Author date (format respects the --date=option)
%ar Author date, relative
%cn Committer name
%ce Committer email
%cd Committer date
%cr Committer date, relative
%s Subject

git log命令的一些选项
Table 2. Common options to git log

Option	Description
-p	Show the patch introduced with each commit.
–stat	Show statistics for files modified in each commit.
–shortstat	Display only the changed/insertions/deletions line from the --stat command.
–name-only	Show the list of files modified after the commit information.
–name-status	Show the list of files affected with added/modified/deleted information as well.
–abbrev-commit	Show only the first few characters of the SHA-1 checksum instead of all 40.
–relative-date	Display the date in a relative format (for example, “2 weeks ago”) instead of using the full date format.
–graph	Display an ASCII graph of the branch and merge history beside the log output.
–pretty	Show commits in an alternate format. Options include oneline, short, full, fuller, and format (where you specify your own format).
–oneline	Shorthand for --pretty=oneline --abbrev-commit used together.

git log过滤输出选项
Table 3. Options to limit the output of git log

Option	Description
-<n>	Show only the last n commits
–since, --after	Limit the commits to those made after the specified date.
–until, --before	Limit the commits to those made before the specified date.
–author	Only show commits in which the author entry matches the specified string.
–committer	Only show commits in which the committer entry matches the specified string.
–grep	Only show commits with a commit message containing the string
-S	Only show commits adding or removing code matching the string